China’s Research Ship in Maldives Sparks Security Concerns

A Chinese Research Ship docked in the Maldives on Thursday, according to global ship-tracking information, occurring merely three months after a comparable ship visited the Indian Ocean, triggering security worries in New Delhi.

The visit follows January comments by a US think tank that China’s navy could “leverage the insights gained from these missions” for the deployment of naval forces, a claim Beijing calls part of a concocted image-smearing “China threat” narrative. Xiang Yang Hong 03, owned by a research institute that reports to China’s natural resources ministry, made a port call in the Maldives capital of Male, data from MarineTraffic showed, more than a month after leaving its home port of Xiamen in southeastern China.

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Xiang Yang Hong 03’s Extended Survey Sparks Regional Concerns Because of the Research Ship in the Indian Ocean

Before its arrival, the civilian ship had spent more than three weeks surveying waters just outside the exclusive economic zones of India, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka, the ship-tracking data showed. China’s foreign ministry has said research by the vessel was “exclusively” for peaceful purposes to benefit scientific understanding.

In recent years, India has voiced concern about the presence of China’s research vessels in the Indian Ocean, even if they do not belong to the military. An Indian security official has previously said the vessels were “dual-use”, meaning the data they gather can be used for both civilian and military purposes. Xiang Yang Hong 03 has visited the Indian Ocean multiple times. It sailed through the Sunda Strait in Indonesia in 2021, alarming Indonesian authorities, who said it had switched off its tracking system three times.

Chinese research vessels have also stopped in nearby Sri Lanka. In 2022, Yuan Wang 5, a military vessel capable of tracking rocket and missile launches, arrived in Colombo, alarming India. The last time a Chinese research vessel docked in Sri Lanka was in October 2023, reviving India’s concerns. But in January, the island nation imposed a year-long moratorium on foreign research ships, effectively denying China a port of call.

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The appearance of Xiang Yang Hong 03 comes after Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu visited China in January, which strengthened bilateral relations. During the visit, Beijing provided 920 million yuan ($128 million) in “free aid.” The Maldives has clarified that the ship will not conduct research within its waters; instead, it will only make stops for personnel rotation and supply replenishment.